Page 110 - TAIWAN TOBACCO CONTROL ANNUAL REPORT 2019

108 die from cardiovascular diseases compared to non-smokers. Survey results from 2018 showed that 82.2% of the respondents (without prompting) were capable of naming diseases caused by smoking without any prompting. However, this means that 15.5% of the respondents were not aware of the diseases caused by smoking. Results also showed that 2.3% of the respondents mistakenly believe that smoking would not lead to any diseases. Note: 1. Source: Smoking-related information of the general public collected via telephone interviews conducted by the HPA for the "Adult Smoking Behavior Survey". The target of the survey were adults above 18 years of age. 2. Questionnaire item: "What do you think are the diseases that may be caused by smoking? (Do not prompt; interviewer should repeat the question to obtain up to 3 answers). If the answer to the question was "refused to answer", the answer shall be considered as the missing data. 3. Values were based upon the Taiwan region household census of 2000 carried out by the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting, and Statistics (DGBAS). Weight adjustments and normalization were carried out according to gender, age, education background, and characteristics of the area of residence. In addition to second-hand smoke hazards, family members living with smokers are also threatened by the hazards posed by "third-hand smoke". Researches have proved that even though smokers may not smoke near children, third-hand smoke residues on clothing, cars, and houses may also lead to leukemia. According to the investigation result in 2018, 81.6% of the general public agreed with the statement that "it is also harmful to stay or work in a room where someone has smoked before"; however, 5.9% of the general public disagreed with such statement, and 1.1% of the general public were not sure, and 11.4% of the general public had no idea on whether such statement was true or false. Note: 1. Source: Smoking-related information of the general public collected via telephone interviews conducted by the HPA for the "Adult Smoking Behavior Telephone Survey". The target of the survey were adults above 18 years of age. 2. Questionnaire item: "Carrying out activities in rooms where people had smoked before is also hazardsous to health. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? " If the answer to the above question was "refused to answer", the answer shall be considered the missing data. 3. Values were based upon the Taiwan region household census of 2000 carried out by the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting, and Statistics (DGBAS). Weight adjustments and normalization were carried out according to gender, age, education background, and characteristics of the area of residence. Global Youth Tobacco Survey To generate results comparable to international standards, the HPA began to work together with the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2004 and adopted the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The final Survey form was developed according to local requirements, and were used to implement regular smoking behavior monitoring surveys for junior high, senior high, and vocational school students every other year. Current policies required annual data from junior high, senior high, and vocational high schools. Hence, since 2011, annual smoking rate surveys were carried out for junior high, senior high, and vocational high school students. The surveys also assessed their knowledge and attitudes on smoking hazards and identified changes to second-hand smoke exposure. Survey results would provide healthcare and educational agencies with a reference for planning and evaluating tobacco hazards prevention in school campuses. The students sampled for this survey must be capable of representing students in junior highs, senior highs, senior vocational schools, as well as the 1st to 3rd years of 5-year junior colleges. Systematic random sampling was employed to select the sampled schools followed by selecting the "sampled classes". The target of the survey will then be every single student within the sampled class. The survey conducted in 2018 sampled 49,971 students (22,693 junior high students and 27,278 senior high and vocational school students). Questionnaire surveys were completed anonymously. A total of 44,905 completed surveys were collected (20,966 from junior high schools and 23,939 from senior high and vocational schools) for a completion rate of 89.86% (92.39% for junior high schools and 87.76% for senior high and vocational schools).